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Archive for September 2nd, 2009

Flight Day 5 – September 1st

(September 1, 2009) - This is a close-up view of the logo on side of a new piece of equipment destined for a later-scheduled module called the Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill, or COLBERT. which was carried up to Earth orbit by the STS-128 Discovery crew. It will be deployed on the Tranquility node which will be delivered to the station by a future shuttle crew.

(September 1, 2009) - This is a close-up view of the logo on side of a new piece of equipment destined for a later-scheduled module called the 'Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill,' or COLBERT. which was carried up to Earth orbit by the STS-128 Discovery crew. It will be deployed on the Tranquility node which will be delivered to the station by a future shuttle crew.

(September 1, 2009) - One of the space-walking astronauts on the STS-128 missions first session of extravehicular activity (EVA)captured this electronic still image of the Space Shuttle Discoverys cabin. Construction and maintenance continued on the International Space Station during the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk of astronauts Nicole Stott and John Danny Olivas (both out of frame), mission specialist. Among their accomplishments, they removed an empty ammonia tank from the stations truss and temporarily stowed it on the stations robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discoverys payload bay for return.

(September 1, 2009) - One of the space-walking astronauts on the STS-128 mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA)captured this electronic still image of the Space Shuttle Discovery's cabin. Construction and maintenance continued on the International Space Station during the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk of astronauts Nicole Stott and John "Danny" Olivas (both out of frame), mission specialist. Among their accomplishments, they removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on the station's robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discovery's payload bay for return.

(1 Sept. 2009) - Astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 20 flight engineer, participates in the STS-128 missions first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Stott and astronaut John Danny Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the stations truss and temporarily stowed it on the stations robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discoverys payload bay for return.

(1 Sept. 2009) - Astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 20 flight engineer, participates in the STS-128 mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Stott and astronaut John "Danny" Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on the station's robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discovery's payload bay for return.

(1 Sept. 2009) - Astronaut John Danny Olivas, STS-128 mission specialist, participates in the missions first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Olivas and astronaut Nicole Stott (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the stations truss and temporarily stowed it on the stations robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discoverys payload bay for return.

(1 Sept. 2009) - Astronaut John "Danny" Olivas, STS-128 mission specialist, participates in the mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Olivas and astronaut Nicole Stott (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on the station's robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discovery's payload bay for return.

HiRISE Update – August 03, 2009 & July 07, 2009

Two updated HiRISE images, always cool to take a peak at Mars.

Several years ago gullies carved into hill-slopes and the walls of impact craters like the ones pictured here were discovered. Scientists are excited to study these features because, on Earth, they usually form through the action of liquid water - long thought to be absent on the Martian surface. Whether gullies form under todays cold dry conditions is a major question that planetary scientists are trying to answer.  The gullies pictured here are great examples of what a typical Martian gully looks like. You can see wide V-shaped channels running downhill (from top to bottom) where the material that carved the gully flowed. At the bottom of the channel this material empties out onto a fan-shaped mound. Several gullies are visible here and the fans from each gully overlap one other in complicated ways.  At the tops of the channels, large amphitheater-shaped alcoves are carved in the rock. The material removed from these alcoves likely flowed downhill to the aprons through the gullies.

Several years ago gullies carved into hill-slopes and the walls of impact craters like the ones pictured here were discovered. Scientists are excited to study these features because, on Earth, they usually form through the action of liquid water - long thought to be absent on the Martian surface. Whether gullies form under today's cold dry conditions is a major question that planetary scientists are trying to answer. The gullies pictured here are great examples of what a typical Martian gully looks like. You can see wide V-shaped channels running downhill (from top to bottom) where the material that carved the gully flowed. At the bottom of the channel this material empties out onto a fan-shaped mound. Several gullies are visible here and the fans from each gully overlap one other in complicated ways. At the tops of the channels, large amphitheater-shaped alcoves are carved in the rock. The material removed from these alcoves likely flowed downhill to the aprons through the gullies.

This HiRISE image shows a close-up view of the terrain northeast of Zilair Crater.  In lower-resolution images, from the Context Camera (also on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), this area looks quite rough. The reasons for this rough texture are difficult to determine; however, clues from the surrounding area help solve this mystery. Many large impact craters surround this image, but there are no volcanoes nearby making it unlikely that the rough surface is from fresh, blocky lava flows.  The high-resolution image shown here reveals a few fresh, irregularly-shaped craters on top of this rough terrain. An irregular crater, approximately 600 meters (2000 feet) in diameter, is visible just right of center, about a third of the way up from the bottom of the image. Its shape suggests that it formed from a body that impacted the surface at a relatively low angle and slow speed. This makes it likely that it is a secondary crater (a crater that forms from debris blasted out of a nearby crater).  The rough terrain here is therefore likely to be a mix of impact material and secondary craters from nearby impacts, such as the one that formed the nearby large crater Zilair.  Written by: Andrea Philippoff

This HiRISE image shows a close-up view of the terrain northeast of Zilair Crater. In lower-resolution images, from the Context Camera (also on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter), this area looks quite rough. The reasons for this rough texture are difficult to determine; however, clues from the surrounding area help solve this mystery. Many large impact craters surround this image, but there are no volcanoes nearby making it unlikely that the rough surface is from fresh, blocky lava flows. The high-resolution image shown here reveals a few fresh, irregularly-shaped craters on top of this rough terrain. An irregular crater, approximately 600 meters (2000 feet) in diameter, is visible just right of center, about a third of the way up from the bottom of the image. Its shape suggests that it formed from a body that impacted the surface at a relatively low angle and slow speed. This makes it likely that it is a secondary crater (a crater that forms from debris blasted out of a nearby crater). The rough terrain here is therefore likely to be a mix of impact material and secondary craters from nearby impacts, such as the one that formed the nearby large crater Zilair. Written by: Andrea Philippoff

STS-128 – EVA #1 Photo

An image of Nicole Stott as she performs her first EVA on flight day 5.

(September 1, 2009) - Astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 20 flight engineer, participates in the STS-128 missions first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Stott and astronaut John Danny Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the stations truss and temporarily stowed it on the stations robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discoverys payload bay for return.

(September 1, 2009) - Astronaut Nicole Stott, Expedition 20 flight engineer, participates in the STS-128 mission's first session of extravehicular activity (EVA) as construction and maintenance continue on the International Space Station. During the six-hour, 35-minute spacewalk, Stott and astronaut John "Danny" Olivas (out of frame), mission specialist, removed an empty ammonia tank from the station's truss and temporarily stowed it on the station's robotic arm. Olivas and Stott also retrieved the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF) and Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) from the Columbus laboratory module and installed them on Discovery's payload bay for return.

Flight Day 5 Highlights – September 1, 2009

Boulders of Tsiolkovskiy

New image taken by LROC.

Tsiolkovskiy (185 km diameter) is a spectacular example of complex impact crater. It has a terraced rim, a central peak, and a floor flooded with mare basalts. Impact events release tremendous amounts of energy and result in very dynamic changes in the local landscape. Just after the initial impact, the central peak was uplifted from lower crustal rock, forming a giant mountain in the middle of the crater. Later large and small pieces of that uplifted rock rolled down and accumulated at the base of the slope — just waiting for future lunar explorers to examine. This strategy was used by the Apollo 17 astronauts as an easy way to sample nearby mountain tops without having to climb to the top. Frequently it is easy to see where a boulder came from by following its tracks, a great clue to geologists reconstructing the local geology. The largest boulder in this image is about 40 meters wide – half as big as a soccer field! The dark area in the lower right is the tip of enormous shadow cast by the central peak. Scroll north in the full image, and you will find the contact where the later-formed lavas pooled at the base of the peak. Even though the central peak formed before the mare, it has fewer craters due to its steep slope which tends to slump and slide erasing small craters. In this case, that’s an apparent violation of the rule that older surfaces have more craters!

Boulders perched on the summit of the central peak of Tsiolkovskiy crater. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University.

Boulders perched on the summit of the central peak of Tsiolkovskiy crater. Credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University.

Tropical Storm Krovanh – Acquired August 31, 2009

Tropical storm Krovanh threatening the Japanese coastline.

ropical Storm Krovanh blew along the coastline of Japan, near the capital city of Tokyo on August 31, 2009. According to a bulletin issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center the same day, the storm had sustained winds of 50 knots (93 kilometers per hour) with gusts up to 65 knots (120 kilometers per hour). Roughly 94 nautical miles (about 175 kilometers) east-northeast of Tokyo, the storm had been traveling toward the northeast.  The MODIS on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this true-color image around 10:20 a.m. local time (1:20 UTC) on August 31, 2009. The eye of the storm appears to hover over the ocean south of Tokyo, but cloud cover extends over much of the island.

Tropical Storm Krovanh blew along the coastline of Japan, near the capital city of Tokyo on August 31, 2009. According to a bulletin issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center the same day, the storm had sustained winds of 50 knots (93 kilometers per hour) with gusts up to 65 knots (120 kilometers per hour). Roughly 94 nautical miles (about 175 kilometers) east-northeast of Tokyo, the storm had been traveling toward the northeast. The MODIS on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this true-color image around 10:20 a.m. local time (1:20 UTC) on August 31, 2009. The eye of the storm appears to hover over the ocean south of Tokyo, but cloud cover extends over much of the island.

Hurricane Jimena – Acquired September 1, 2009

Usually a hurricane is seen as a bad thing, but that isn’t the case here for the United States at least. Jimena will be bringing much needed rain to California, and hopefully help with the fires that are plaguing Los Angeles County.

Hurricane Jimena had weakened slightly, becoming a Category 4 Hurricane just before the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this image at 11:35 a.m., Pacific Daylight Time, on September 1, 2009. The powerful storm has well-defined bands of clouds that circle a distinctive eye in this photo-like image. The outer bands of the storm were already over the southern tip of Baja California. The National Hurricane Center expected Jimena to move north along the peninsula before coming ashore on September 2 or September 3.

Hurricane Jimena had weakened slightly, becoming a Category 4 Hurricane just before the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite captured this image at 11:35 a.m., Pacific Daylight Time, on September 1, 2009. The powerful storm has well-defined bands of clouds that circle a distinctive eye in this photo-like image. The outer bands of the storm were already over the southern tip of Baja California. The National Hurricane Center expected Jimena to move north along the peninsula before coming ashore on September 2 or September 3.

STS-128 – EVA #1

Video from the first EVA completed by John D. Olivas the lead spacewalker and Nicole Stott who is on her first spaceflight and preforms her first EVA in the video below.

Cryosphere Tour – 2009

An excellent video giving us an understanding about our cryosphere and how its changing.